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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(1)ene. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389344

ABSTRACT

Background: In our country, transplantation centers differ in the age limit for allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation (ALOHT). In our program, transplants with age- adjusted conditioning are performed in patients until 70 years old. Currently more than 60% of ALOHT reported to the Center for International Bone Marrow Transplantation Research (CIBMTR) are performed in patients older than 40 years. Aim: To report our experience with ALOHT in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), analyzing patient age at transplantation in different periods and transplant results in different age groups. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the database of adult hematopoietic transplants in AML patients was performed. Demographic data, disease characteristics, transplant data, survival and relapse times, and mortality were collected. Results: In our program, 1030 transplants were performed in adults and 119 ALOHT were performed in AML patients, between 1990 and 2020. The median age of patients in all periods was 41 years, (range 16-69). The median age was 33 and 45 years, in the periods 1990-2000 and 2000-2020 respectively (p < 0.01). Seventy-eight patients received myeloablative conditioning (median age 44 years) and 41 reduced intensity conditioning (median age 53 years). Five-year overall survival was 44.6% (confidence intervals (CI) 41-48). Non relapse mortality of all periods was 19% (CI 17 - 40%) and relapse rate was 17 % (CI 16-22). No difference in five years overall survival among patients younger than 40, 41 to 50 and over 51 years was observed. Conclusions: Overall Survival, non-relapse mortality and relapse rate were similar in younger and older patients in our program and similar to those previously reported in other centers.

2.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 37(2): 138-146, abr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1126100

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Los pacientes con leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) tienen alto riesgo de influenza grave y la vacunación es altamente recomendada. La inmunogenicidad y efectividad de la vacuna es menor comparada a los sujetos sanos. Objetivo: Evaluar la respuesta inmune inducida por vacuna anti-influenza en niños con LLA y observar su efectividad. Métodos: Se reclutaron niños con LLA en terapia de mantención y niños sanos. Se tomaron muestras de sangre el día de la vacuna (D0) y al día 28 (D28), y se realizó test de inhibición de hemaglutinación (IHA) contra H1N1. Los pacientes fueron seguidos por un año, registrando datos clínicos y episodios de influenza. Resultados: Se incluyeron 34 niños con LLA y 9 niños sanos. Respecto al IHA en D28, 12/34 pacientes y 5/8 niños sanos presentaron títulos ≥ 1/40, resultando una tasa de seroprotección de 35 y 63%, respectivamente. Los niños seroprotegidos eran significativamente mayores. Durante el seguimiento, sólo tres pacientes, no seroprotegidos, presentaron infección por influenza, ninguno requirió oxigeno o cuidados intensivos. Discusión: Los niños con LLA alcanzaron una tasa seroprotección más baja que la observada en niños sanos. Sin embargo, ninguno de los niños seroprotegidos presentó infección por influenza, reforzando la recomendación de vacunación anual.


Abstract Background: Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have high risk of severe influenza infection and vaccination is highly recommended. The immunogenicity and effectiveness of vaccination are lower than in healthy people. Aim: To evaluate the immune response induced by influenza vaccine in children with ALL and observe effectiveness. Method: Children with ALL in maintenance phase and healthy children were recruited. Blood samples were taken at vaccination day (D0) and at day 28 (D28). Humoral response was evaluated by hemaglutination inhibition test (HAI) against H1N1. Patients were followed up for one year, clinical data and influenza episodes were recorded. Results: 34 children with ALL and 9 healthy children were included. Concerning HAI on D28, 12/34 patients and 5/8 healthy children had titers ≥ 1/40, with seroprotection rates of 35 and 63% respectively. Seroprotected children were older than non-seroprotected ones. During follow-up, only 3 patients non seroprotected, presented influenza infection, without oxygen supplementation or critical care support. Discussion: Children with ALL had a lower seroprotection rate than healthy children. Nevertheless, none of the seroprotected children presented influenza infection, reinforcing the annual vaccination recommendation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Influenza Vaccines , Influenza, Human , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Vaccination , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype , Immunity, Humoral , Antibodies, Viral
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(8): 1064-1067, ago. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-698706

ABSTRACT

Public cord blood banks are a source of hematopoietic stem cells for patients with hematological diseases who lack a family donor and need allogeneic transplantation. In June 2007 we started a cord blood bank with units donated in three maternity wards in Santiago, Chile. We report the first three transplants done with cord blood units form this bank. Cord blood units were obtained by intrauterine collection at delivery. They were depleted of plasma and red cells and frozen in liquid nitrogen. Tests for total nucleated cells, CD34 cell content, viral serology, bacterial cultures and HLA A, B and DRB1 were done. Six hundred cord blood units were stored by March 2012. Three patients received allogeneic transplant with cord blood from our bank, two with high risk lymphoblastic leukemia and one with severe congenital anemia. They received conditioning regimens according to their disease and usual supportive care for unrelated donor transplantation until full hematopoietic and immune reconstitution was achieved. The three patients had early engraftment of neutrophils and platelets. The child corrected his anemia and the leukemia patients remain in complete remission. The post-transplant course was complicated with Epstein Barr virus, cytomegalovirus and BK virus infection. Two patients are fully functional 24 and 33 months after transplant, the third is still receiving immunosuppression.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Middle Aged , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/methods , Transplantation, Homologous/methods , Unrelated Donors , Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan/surgery , Blood Banks , Fetal Blood/transplantation , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/surgery , Treatment Outcome
4.
Biol. Res ; 45(3): 307-316, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-659288

ABSTRACT

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the accepted therapy of choice for a variety of malignant and non-malignant diseases in children and adults. Initially developed as rescue therapy for a patient with cancer after high doses of chemotherapy and radiation as well as the correction of severe deficiencies in the hematopoietic system, it has evolved into an adoptive immune therapy for malignancies and autoimmune disorders. The procedure has helped to obtain key information about the bone marrow environment, the biology of hematopoietic stem cells and histocompatibility. The development of this new discipline has allowed numerous groups working around the world to cure patients of diseases previously considered lethal. Together with the ever growing list of volunteer donors and umbilical cord blood banks, this has resulted in life saving therapy for thousands of patients yearly. We present an overview of the procedure from its cradle to the most novel applications, as well as the results of the HSC transplant program developed at our institution since 1989.


Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Tissue Donors/statistics & numerical data , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/history , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/trends , Transplantation Conditioning , Transplantation, Autologous , Transplantation, Homologous , Tissue Donors/supply & distribution , Tissue and Organ Procurement/statistics & numerical data
5.
Rev. chil. urol ; 72(1): 81-84, 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-474899

ABSTRACT

En el tumor de Wilms (TW) el trombo cavo atrial (TCA) es < 5 por ciento, siendo rareza el compromiso auricular derecho. Revisamos los abordajes quirúrgicos del TCA en el TW. Materiales y métodos: Paciente de 3 años y medio con tumor renal derecho de 10 cm, un cava inferior ocupada por trombo tumoral hasta la aurícula derecha. Además tumor en la vena renal izquierda y cava infra renal. Se utiliza quimioterapia preoperatoria previa biopsia por punción. Resultados: seis semanas de quimioterapia y un TAC demostró reducción 10 por ciento del tumor y menor TCA. Se realizó nefrectomía radical derecha con trombectomía cava abdominal y renal izquierda combinada con trombectomía cava toráxica y auricular, con paro cardiopulmonar, circulación extracorpórea e hipotermia. Evolucionó sin complicaciones, la biopsia no demostró tumor en el riñón o TCA. Se catalogó TW etapa III sin anaplasia y entró en un protocolo DD4A del NWTSG. A 1 mes de la cirugía el TAC mostró ausencia de tumor. Conclusiones: El compromiso tumoral de la cava y aurícula derecha es excepcional en TW. Los mejores resultados y menor morbilidad están asociados a quimioterapia preoperatoria y buena planificación de la vía de abordaje.


Introduction: In the tumor of Wilms (TW) the thrombus cava atrial (TCA) it is < 5%, being exceptional the atrial right involvement. We check the surgical routes of access of the TCA in the TW. Materials and methods: 3-year-old patient with renal right tumor of 10 cm, a inferior vena cava occupied by tumor thrombus up to the right auricle. Also tumor in the renal left vein and vena cava under the kidney. We use preoperative chemotherapy previous biopsy for puncture. Results: 6 weeks of chemotherapy and a TAC demonstrated reduction 10% of the tumor and decrease TCA. We realized radical right nephrectomy with thrombectomy abdominal cava and renal left combined with thrombectomy thorax cava and atrial right, with cardiopulmonar unemployment, extracorporeal circulation and hypothermia. She evolved without complications, the biopsy did not demonstrate tumor in the kidney or TCA. TW catalogued stage the IIIrd without anaplasia and she entered a protocol DD4A of the NWTSG. To 1 month of the surgery the TAC showed absence of tumor. Conclusions: The tumor commitment of the vena cava and right auricle is exceptional in TW. The best results and minor morbidity are associated with preoperative chemotherapy and good planning of the routes of access.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child, Preschool , Lymph Node Excision , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Nephrectomy , Kidney Neoplasms , Vascular Neoplasms , Wilms Tumor/surgery , Wilms Tumor/pathology , Wilms Tumor/drug therapy , Neoplasm Staging , Follow-Up Studies , Length of Stay
6.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 11(2): 114-8, 1994. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-207311

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: probar si la adición de vancomicina en microdosis (25 mcg/ml) a la solución de heparinización de catéteres venosos centrales permanentes (CVP) previene la ocurrencia de bacteremias por gérmenes vancomicina sensibles en pacientes oncológicos. Métodos: 39 pacientes con patología oncológica portadores de CVP externo (Hickman-Broviac) participaron en un estudio prospectivo, randomizado de doble ciego y fueron asignados a recibir una solución de heparina sola (Hep) o de heparina-vancomicina (HepVan). Todos los episodios febriles fueron registrados, realizándose hemograma y hemocultivo central y periférico. Los episodios febriles fueron tratados con antibióticos según normas establecidas. Resultados: se observaron en 14 meses 6.519 días catéter. Hubo 70 episodios febriles y 16 episodios de bacteremia, de los cuales 9 fueron por gérmenes sensibles a la vancomicina, 6 en el grupo Hep y 3 en el grupo HepVan (p = 0,31). En los episodios no neutropénicos (recuento absoluto de neutrófilos > 500/cm3) hubo 4 bacteremias en el grupo Hep y 0 en el grupo HepVan (p = 0,057). Conclusiones: la adición de vancomicina a la solución de heparinización de CVP no previene bacteremia asociada a CVP. La menor incidencia de bacteremias por gérmenes sensibles a la vancomicina en pacientes no neutropénicos versus neutropénicos en el grupo HepVan apoya la hipótesis de que la colonización intraluminal del CVP es un factor importante en las bacteremias en pacientes no neutropénicos


Subject(s)
Humans , Bacteremia , Catheters, Indwelling/microbiology , Heparin , Vancomycin , Catheterization, Central Venous , Drug Combinations , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy
7.
Rev. chil. neurocir ; 6(10): 13-7, 1992. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-137998

ABSTRACT

El manejo de los pacientes con tumores del SNC ha evolucionado gracias a la introducción de nuevas modalidades terapéuticas y, mas importante, a la integración de las diversas especialidades; cirugía, radioterapia, oncología médica, conformando una nueva disciplina, la neurooncología. La utilización de la quimioterapia en esquemas convencionales ha conseguido mejorar significativamente las posibilidades y la calidad de sobrevida de un grupo selecto de tumores. Esquemas de tratamiento con dosis altas de quimioterapia junto con técnicas de apoyo hematológico están abriendo un nuevo campo para tratar eficazmente a pacientes con un pronóstico antes inevitablemente sombrío


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy
8.
Pediatr. día ; 3(2): 82-7, mayo-jun. 1987. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-79376

ABSTRACT

El manejo del niño trombocitopénico no debe ser un problema difícil si se tienen en cuenta principios básicos de la fisiopatología de las plaquetas junto con el conocimiento de la clínica y de las modalidades terapéuticas disponibles. La observación clínica del paciente así como el uso adecuado del laboratorio, en particular del mielograma, son las bases para un diagnóstico correcto tanto en los casos agudos como en los crónicos. El uso juicioso de las formas de tratamiento disponibles, a saber, corticoides, inmunoglubulina endovenosa y esplenectomía y el conocimiento detallado de sus complicaciones constituyen la base para el éxito en el manejo. Como en tantas otras áreas de la pediatría, más daño se puede hacer por precipitarse a hacer una prueba diagnóstica o comenzar un tratamiento, que por tomar tiempo en delinear un plan de evaluación y terapia adecuadas. Por último, el recurso a la consulta con el hematólogo pediatra, en caso de duda ante el paciente purpúrico, dará al clínico la oportunidad de estar al corriente de los progresos en esta enfermedad así como uno opinión cualificada


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Purpura, Thrombocytopenic/diagnosis , Purpura, Thrombocytopenic/surgery , Purpura, Thrombocytopenic/etiology , Purpura, Thrombocytopenic/drug therapy
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